Pruning must be done before bud break by removing dead, damaged and overgrown branches (4). Pruning garden roses is necessary to keep the plant longer-lasting and maintained. Eradicating this disease can also produce flowers that are twice their normal size. There is a proven practice of applying the concentrated essence of garlic to rose plants to prevent most pests and diseases, especially the leaf spot-causing fungus. Systemic insecticides are readily available in the market but itвЂ™s always preferable to use organic means or remove them manually instead. Like many flowering plants, roses are not immune to pests and diseases such as the most common beetles, slugs and leaf spots. Fertilizer for roses should be applied in spring while buds are growing to produce the best flowers and again when the first blooms start to fade (3). Garden roses prefer airy but sheltered conditions, not bounded by tree canopies as the morning sun is best for them but they need protection from strong winds as well.ДЄ deep healthy loam soil with excellent drainage makes roses thrive and fertilizer application is key to keep them vigorous. Some rose species are adapted to certain environments they are native to, other roses cultivated have their own growth requirements but there are general cultural and maintenance practices that apply to all rose plants (3). Botanical IdentificationД¬aring for roses may be a bit tricky. This is the same period when the cultivated roses of China were introduced into Europe and became the ancestor of the modern roses known today (2). In the 1800s, Napoleon BonaparteвЂ™s wife, Josephine, gathered the periodвЂ™s prestigious botanists and horticulturists to build an extensive collection of roses, which is still considered as one of the greatest rose gardens that exist. Even the Roman culture is rich with stories about roses where they were used as celebration confetti, garden flowers, and perfume for the elite (1). History of RosesДЄccording to its vibrant history, roses grew in the Northern Hemisphere but was first cultivated in China about 5000 years ago. In this comprehensive guide, youвЂ™ll learn about all the types, names and varieties of roses. In various countries all over the world, rose is the most popular and important ornamental plant in the landscape and cut flower industries as well as in perfumery and medicine.

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